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The addition of an unpleasant stimulus in order to decrease the frequency of an unwanted behavior. This is the practical application of punishment that most people are familiar with, although it’s more complex than that. While there are times and places for P+, it can have adverse effects on behavior and your relationship if improperly used. P+ is commonly called “Avoidance Training” and is one of the four quadrants of Operant Conditioning.

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